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Elfish LanguagesCopyright © 2004-2022 C.E. by Dustin Jon ScottIntroduction
Further Lenition: Onset Voicing in Open Dialects
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ba > ma > m pe > be > b pi > pi > p py > ɸy > ɸ bu > βu > β bo > wo > w |
da > na > n te > de > d ti > ti > t ty > sy > s du > zu > z do > ɹo > ɹ tata > ɾaɾa > l |
ga > ŋa > ŋ ke > ge > g ki > ki > k ky > xy > x gu > ɣu > ɣ go > ʎo > ʎ |
Na-ri-lo: Proto-Elfish
Open, preformative, suffixing, SVO
Proto-Elfish had [S][V][O] word order.
Transliteration: ŋi-ki-mbu-rro ne-rao-nkjao ni-nio-di do-mbu-no-kra
Pronunciation: ŋi-ki-mbu-lo ne-ɹao-nkʎao ni-nio-di do-mbu-no-kɹa
Transcription: ngi-ki-mbu-lo ne-rao-nkyao ni-nio-di do-mbu-no-kra
Gloss: nothing-big-ness-subject exist-verb-past-evidental things-object-all-of cause-big-object-gerund-before
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Nari’lo: Primitive Elfish
Open, preformative, suffixing, SVO
Aldelfish (Old Elfish) was a descendant of Proto-Elfish and evolved alongside Primitive Fairish, upon which it had great influence.
The language had [S][V][O] word order.
Sample #1
Transliteration: ŋi’ki’mbu’rro ne’rao’nkjao ni’nio’di do’mbu’no’kra
Pronunciation: ŋi-ki-mbu-lo ne-ɹao-nkʎao ni-nio-di do-mbu-no-kɹa
Transcription: ngi’ki’mbu’lo ne’rao’nkyao ni’nio’di do’mbu’no’kra
Gloss: nothing-big-ness-subject exist-verb-past-evidental things-object-all-of cause-big-object-gerund-before
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Sample #2
Transliteration: Kara’rra hase’ra’ne nwai ni’rra ni’nu’tu bu’ra’ne vurri’ni
Pronunciation: kara-la hase-ra-ne nwai ni-la ni-nu-tu bu-ra-ne vuli-ni
Transcription: Kara’la hase’ra’ne nwai ni’la ni’nu’tu bu’ra’ne vuli’ni
Gloss: Kara-subject sigh-past and she him-to bring-past (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and she to him brought a draught.”
Sample #3
Transliteration: Kara’rra hase’ra’ne nwai mi’rru ni’nu’ta bu’ra’ne vurri’ni
Pronunciation: kara-la hase-ra-ne nwai mi-lu ni-na-tu bu-ra-ne vuli-ni
Transcription: Kara’la hase’ra’ne nwai mi’lu ni’na’tu bu’ra’ne vuli’ni
Gloss: Kara-subject sigh-past and I she-to bring-past (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and I to her brought I a draught.”
Nari’lo: Ancient Elfish / Early Aldelfish
Open, preformative, suffixing, SVO
Aldelfish (Old Elfish) was a descendant of Proto-Elfish and evolved alongside Primitive Fairish, upon which it had great influence.
The language had [S][V][O] word order.
Sample #1
Transliteration: ŋikimbu’rro nerao’nkjao ni’nio’di dombu’no’kra
Pronunciation: ŋikimbu-lo neɹao-nkʎao ni-nio-di dombu-no-kɹa
Transcription: ngikimbu’lo nerao’nkyao ni’nio’di dombu’no’kra
Gloss: nothing-big-ness-subject exist-verb-past-evidental things-object-all-of cause-big-object-gerund-before
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Sample #2
Transliteration: Kara’rra hasera’ne nwai ni’rra ni’nu’tu bura’ne vurri’ni
Pronunciation: kara-la hasera-ne nwai ni-la ni-nu-tu bura-ne vuli-ni
Transcription: Kara’la hasera’ne nwai ni’la ni’nu’tu bura’ne vuli’ni
Gloss: Kara-subject sigh-past and she him-to bring-past (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and she to him brought a draught.”
Sample #3
Transliteration: Kara’rra hasera’ne nwai mi’rru ni’nu’ta bura’ne vurri’ni
Pronunciation: kara-la hasera-ne nwai mi-lu ni-na-tu bura-ne vuli-ni
Transcription: Kara’la hasera’ne nwai mi’lu ni’na’tu burane’vuli’ni
Gloss: Kara-subject sigh-past and I she-to bring-past (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and I to her brought I a draught.”
Narilo: Aldelfish (Old Elfish)
Open, preformative, suffixing, SVO
Aldelfish (Old Elfish) was a descendant of Proto-Elfish and evolved alongside Primitive Fairish, upon which it had great influence.
The language had [S][V][O] word order.
Sample #1
Transliteration: ŋikimburro neraonkjao niniodi dombunokra
Pronunciation: ŋikimbulo neɹaonkʎao niniodi dombunokɹa
Transcription: ngikimbulo neraonkyao niniodi dombunokra
Gloss: nothing-big-ness-subject exist-verb-past-evidental things-object-all-of cause-big-object-gerund-before
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Sample #2
Transliteration: Kararra hasera’ne nwai nirra ninu’tu bura’ne vurrini
Pronunciation: karala hasera-ne nwai nila ninu-tu bura-ne vulini
Transcription: Karala hasera’ne nwai nila ninu’tu bura’ne vulini
Gloss: Kara-subject sigh-past and she him-to bring-past (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and she to him brought a draught.”
Sample #3
Transliteration: Kararra hasera’ne nwai mirru ninu’ta bura’ne vurrini
Pronunciation: karala hasera-ne nwai milu nina-tu bura-ne vulini
Transcription: Karala hasera’ne nwai milu nina’tu burane’vulini
Gloss: Kara-subject sigh-past and I she-to bring-past (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and I to her brought I a draught.”
Narilo: Ancient Hobbish
Open, preformative, suffixing, OVS
Either a descendant or close relative of Early Primitive Sylvan, and a close relative of Drayadic.
Transliteration: dombuno’kra ninio’di nerao’nkjao ŋikimburro
Pronunciation: dombunokɹa niniodi neɹaonkʎao ŋikimbulo
Transcription: dombuno’kra ninio’di nerao’nkyao ngikimbulo
Gloss: cause-big-object-gerund-before things-object-all-of exist-verb-past-evidental nothing-big-ness-subject
Translation: Before the great origin of all things, there must have existed in those days a great nothingness.
Transliteration: Hasera’ne Kararra nwai ninu’tu bura’ne nirra vurrini
Pronunciation: hasera-ne Karala nwai ninu-tu bura-ne nila vulini
Transcription: Hasera’ne Karala nwai ninu’tu bura’ne nila vulini
Gloss: Sigh-past Kara-subject and him-to bring-past she (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and to him brought she a draught.”
Transliteration: Hasera’ne Kararra nwai nina’tu bura’ne mirru vurrini
Pronunciation: hasera-ne Karala nwai nina-tu bura-ne milu vulini
Transcription: Hasera’ne Karala nwai nina’tu bura’ne milu vulini
Gloss: Sigh-past Kara-subject and her-to bring-past she (a) draught
Translation: “Kara sighed and to her brought I a draught.”
Na-ri-lo
Open, preformative, suffixing, SVO
Proto-Elfish (Aldeflish, Lightelfish)
Unnamed dialect had [S][V][O] word order.
Adpositional case markings take the form of prefixes; probably due to influence from Moonelfish and/or Nightelfish.
Transliteration: ŋikimburro neraonkjao di’ninio kra’dombuno
Pronunciation: ŋikimbulo neɹaonkʎao di-ninio kɹa-dombuno
Transcription: ngikimbulo neraonkyao di’ninio kra’dombuno
Gloss: nothing-big-ness-subject exist-verb-past-evidental of-things-object-all before-cause-big-object-gerund
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
An-ir-ol
Formerly-open, afformative, suffixing, SVO
Proto-Darkelfish
Proto-Darkelfish
Transliteration 1: iŋ-ik-ubm-orr en-oar-oajkn in-oin-id en-od-ubm-on-ark
Pronunciation: iŋ-ik-ubm-ol en-o.aɹ-o.aʎkn in-o.in-id od-ubm-on-ark
Transcription: ing-ik-ubm-ol en-oar-oaykn in-oin-id od-ubm-on-ark
Gloss: nothing-big-ness-subject exist-verb-past-evidental things-object-all-of cause-big-object-gerund-before
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Old Darkelfish
Transliteration 1: iŋikumborr enoaroankj inoinid enodumbonakr
Pronunciation: iŋikumbol eno.aɹo.ankʎ ino.inid odumbonakṛ
Transcription: ingikumbol enoaroaykn inoinid odumbonakr
Gloss: nothing-big-ness-subject exist-verb-past-evidental things-object-all-of cause-big-object-gerund-before
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Lo-ri-na
Open, preformative, prefixing, OVS
Proto-Nightelfish
Transliteration 1: kra-no-mbu-do di-nio-ni nkjao-rao-ne rro-mbu-ki-ŋi
Pronunciation: kɹa-no-mbu-do di-ni.o-di nkʎa.o-ɹa.o-ne lo-mbu-ki-ŋi
Transcription: kra-no-mbu-do di-nio-ni nkjao-rao-ne lo-mbu-ki-ngi
Gloss: before-gerund-object-big-cause of-all-things-object evidental-past-verb-exist subject-ness-big-none
Translation: Before the great origin of all things, there must have existed in those days a great nothingness.
Lo-ri-na
Open, preformative, prefixing, SVO
Proto-Moonelfish
Transliteration 1: rro-mbu-ki-ŋi nkjao-rao-ne di-nio-ni kra-no-mbu-do
Pronunciation: lo-mbu-ki-ŋi nkʎa.o-ɹa.o-ne di-ni.o-ni kɹa-no-mbu-do
Transcription: lo-mbu-ki-ngi nkyao-rao-ne di-nio-ni kra-no-mbu-do
Gloss: subject-ness-big-none evidental-past-verb-exist of-all-things-object before-gerund-object-big-cause
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Ol-ir-an
Formerly-open, afformative, prefixing, OVS
Proto-Swartelfish
Transliteration 1: ark-on-ubm-od id-oin-in oajkn-oar-en orr-ubm-ik-iŋ
Pronunciation: aɹk-on-ubm-od id-o.in-in o.aɹkn-o.aɹ-en ol-ubm-ik-iŋ
Transcription: ark-on-ubm-od id-oin-in oajkn-oar-en ol-ubm-ik-ing
Gloss: before-gerund-object-big-cause of-all-things-object evidental-past-verb-exist subject-ness-big-none
Translation: Before the great origin of all things, there must have existed in those days a great nothingness.
Ol-ir-an
Formerly-open, afformative, prefixing, SVO
Proto-Oreadic
Transliteration 1: orr-ubm-ik-iŋ oajkn-oar-en id-oin-in ark-on-ubm-od
Pronunciation: ol-ubm-ik-iŋ o.aɹkn-o.aɹ-en id-o.in-in aɹk-on-ubm-od
Transcription: ol-ubm-ik-ing oaykn-oar-en id-oin-in ark-on-ubm-od
Gloss: subject-ness-big-none evidental-past-verb-exist of-all-things-object before-gerund-object-big-cause
Translation: A great nothingness it seems existed in the days before the great cause of all things.
Sound change 2: The Great Vowel Deletion
Sound change 2 with orthographical change 1
ba(q) or pa(q) = /ma/ > ppp = /m/
be(q) or pe(q) = /be/ > pp = /b/
bi(q) or pi(q) = /ɸi/ > qp = /ɸ/
by(q) or py(q) = /py/ > p = /p/
bu(q) or pu(q) = /βu/ > qpp = /β/
bo(q) or po(q) = /wo/ > qppp = /w/
da(q) or ta(q) = /na/ > ttt = /n/
de(q) or te(q) = /de/ > tt = /d/
di(q) or ti(q) = /si/ > qt = /s/
dy(q) or ty(q) = /ty/ > t = /t/
du(q) or tu(q) = /zu/ > qtt = /z/
do(q) or to(q) = /ro/ > qttt = /r/
dada(q) or tata(q) = /la/ > tttttt /l/
dede(q) or tete(q) = /ðe/ > ? /ð/
didi(q) or titi(q) = /ʃi/ > ? /ʃ/
dydy(q) or tyty(q) = /θy/ > ? /θ/
dudu(q) or tutu(q) = /ʒu/ > ? /ʒ/
dodo(q) or toto(q) = /rho/ > ???
ga(q) or ka(q) = /ŋa/ > kkk /ŋ/
ge(q) or ke(q) = /ge/ > kk /g/
gi(q) or ki(q) = /xi/ > qk /x/
gy(q) or ky(q) = /ky/ > k /k/
gu(q) or ku(q) = /ɣu/ > qkk /ɣ/
go(q) or ko(q) = /jo/ > qkkk /j/
New version: Ttoppppputttokqttta tttitttiotti ttteqtttaotttkqkkkao Kkkikippppputttttto. Kkkikitttopppqpppi ttttttatettttttaotttkqkkkao kkkikipppppupitttttto; pitttio kitttattttttaotttkqkkku kkkikipppppupitttttto. Qppqtttikkttti, ttteqtttiokkkue ttttttatikitttttto. Qtttoettaeqtttootttkqkkka tttittttttiottttta taokaeqtttotttkqkkkue tttittttttiotttta. Kitttikipitttotti taakaeqtttaotttkqkkkaa ttttttatikitttttto. Qtttautteqtttaotttkqkkkaa pppaeqtikitttttto. Pppaeqtikititttppppi ttteqtttiotttue tttittttttio.
Sound change 2 with orthographical change 2
Orthographical change 2 is separate and distinct from orthographical change 1. Orthrographical change 2 does not follow sequentially or build upon orthographical change 1.
ba(q) or pa(q) = /ma/ > m = /m/
be(q) or pe(q) = /be/ > ph = /b/
bi(q) or pi(q) = /ɸi/ > pp = /ɸ/
by(q) or py(q) = /py/ > p = /p/
bu(q) or pu(q) = /βu/ > phph = /β/
bo(q) or po(q) = /wo/ > mh = /w/
da(q) or ta(q) = /na/ > n = /n/
de(q) or te(q) = /de/ > th = /d/
di(q) or ti(q) = /si/ > tt = /s/
dy(q) or ty(q) = /ty/ > t = /t/
du(q) or tu(q) = /zu/ > thth = /z/
do(q) or to(q) = /ro/ > nh = /r/
dada(q) or tata(q) = /la/ > nn /l/
dede(q) or tete(q) = /ðe/ > ? /ð/
didi(q) or titi(q) = /ʃi/ > ? /ʃ/
dydy(q) or tyty(q) = /θy/ > ? /θ/
dudu(q) or tutu(q) = /ʒu/ > ? /ʒ/
dodo(q) or toto(q) = /rho/ > ???
ga(q) or ka(q) = /ŋa/ > ŋ /ŋ/
ge(q) or ke(q) = /ge/ > kh /g/
gi(q) or ki(q) = /xi/ > kk /x/
gy(q) or ky(q) = /ky/ > k /k/
gu(q) or ku(q) = /ɣu/ > khkh /ɣ/
go(q) or ko(q) = /jo/ > ŋh /j/
New version: Thomphunoknha niniothi nenhaonkŋhao Ŋikimphunno. Ŋikinommhi nnatennaonkŋhao ŋikimphupinno; pinio kinannaonkŋhu ŋikimphupinno. Phphŋhikhni, nenhioŋue nnatikinno. Nhoedaenhoonkŋha ninniontha taokaenhonkŋhue ninnionta. Kinikipinothi taakaenhaonkŋhaa nnatikinno. Nhaudenhaonkŋhaa maettikinno. Maettikitinmpi nenhionue ninnio.
Sound change 2 with orthographical change 3
Orthographical change 3 follows sequentially from and builds upon orthographical change 2.
m = /m/
ph = /b/ > b = /b/
pp = /ɸ/ > ph = /ɸ/
p = /p/
phph = /β/ > bh = /β/
mh = /w/ > mh /w/
n = /n/
th = /d/ > d = /d/
tt = /s/ > s = /s/
t = /t/
thth = /z/ > z = /z/
nh = /r/
nn /l/ > = l /l/
? /ð/ > dh = /ð/
? /ʃ/ > sh /ʃ/
? /θ/ > th = /θ/
? /ʒ/ > zh = /ʒ/
???
ŋ /ŋ/
kh = /g/ > g = /g/
kk = /x/ > kh = /x/
k = /k/
khkh = /ɣ/ > gh /ɣ/
ŋh = /j/ > lh = /j/
Newer version: Dombunoknha niniodi nenhaonklhao-Ŋikimbulo. Ŋikinommhi latelaonklhao-Ŋikimbupilo; pinio kinalaonklhu-ŋikimbupilo. Bhlhigni, nenhioŋue-latikilo. Nhoedaenhoonklhoa-nilionda taokaenhoonklhue-nilionta. Kinikipinodi taakaenhaonklhaa-latikilo. Nhaudenhaonklhaa-maesikilo. Maesikitinompi nenhionue-nilio.
Sound change 2 with orthographical change 4
Orthographical change 4 follows sequentially from and builds upon orthographical change 3.
m = /m/
b = /b/
ph = /ɸ/ > f = /ɸ/
p = /p/
bh = /β/ > v = /β/
mh /w/ > w /w/
n = /n/
d = /d/
s = /s/
t = /t/
z = /z/
nh = /r/ > r = /r/
l /l/
dh = /ð/ > ð = /ð/
sh /ʃ/ > ? = /ʃ/
> th = /θ/ > þ = /θ/
zh = /ʒ/ > ? = /ʒ/
???
ŋ /ŋ/
g = /g/
kh = /x/ > x = /x/
k = /k/
gh /ɣ/ > ? = /ɣ/
lh = /j/ > y = /j/
Newerer version: Dombunokra niniodi neraonkyao-Ŋikimbulo. Ŋikinomwi latelaonkyao-Ŋikimbupilo; pinio kinalaonkyu-ŋikimbupilo. Vyigni, nerioŋue-latikilo. Roedaeroonkyoa-nilionda taokaeroonkyue-nilionta. Kinikipinodi taakaeraonkyaa-latikilo. Rauderaonkyaa-maesikilo. Maesikitinompi nerionue-nilio.
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