I.a-2.) What is Life Made of?
- Nucleic Acids —
- Constituents / Ingredients of Nucleic Acid:
- Nucleotides —
- Constituents / Ingredients of Nucleotide — A nucleotide consists of a nucleoside and a phosphate group.
- Nucleosides —
- Constituents / Ingredients of Nucleoside — A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base and a five-carbon sugar.
- Five-Carbon Sugar —
- Ribose — C5H10O5 or H-(C=O)-(CHOH)4-H
- Deoxyribose — H-(C=O)-(CH2)-(CHOH)3-H
- Nitrogenous Base
- Constituents / Ingredients of Nitrogenous Base:
- Derivatives / Varieties of Nitrogenous Base:
- Purines (C5H4N4) Bases —
- Guanine — C5H5N5O
- Adenine — C5H5N5
- Pyrimidines (C4H4N2) Bases —
- Cytosine — C4H5N3O
- Uracil —
- Derivatives / Varieties of Nucleoside
- Ribonucleoside = + ribose
- [A] Adenosine = n (= adenine) + s (= ribose)
- [C] Cytidine = n (= cytosine) + s (= ribose)
- [G] Guanosine = n (= guanine) + s (= ribose)
- [U] Uridine = n (= uracil) + s (= ribose)
- [C] Cytidine = n (= cytosine) + s (= ribose)
- Deoxyribonucleoside = nucleoside + deoxyribose
- [dA] Deoxyadenosine = n (= adenine) + s (= deoxyribose)
- [dC] Deoxycytidine = n (= cytosine) + s (= deoxyribose)
- [dG] Deoxyguanosine = n (= guanine) + s (= deoxyribose)
- [T] Thymidine = n (= thymine) + s (= deoxyribose)
- [dC] Deoxycytidine = n (= cytosine) + s (= deoxyribose)
- Phosphate group —
- Derivatives / Varieties of Nucleotide:
- [RN] Ribonucleotide = ribonucleoside + phosphate group(s)
- [NMP] Ribonucleoside Monophosphate = ribonucleoside + 1 phosphate group
- [AMP] Adenosine Monophosphate = adenosine + 1 phosphate group
- [GMP] Guanosine Monophosphate = guanosine + 1 phosphate group
- [TMP] Thymidine Monophosphate = thymidine + 1 phosphate group
- [CMP] Cytidine Monophosphate = cytidine + 1 phosphate group
- [GMP] Guanosine Monophosphate = guanosine + 1 phosphate group
- [NDP] Nucleoside Diphosphate = ribonucleoside + 2 phosphate groups
- [ADP] Adenosine Diphosphate = adenosine + 2 phosphate groups
- [GDP] Guanosine Diphosphate = guanosine + 2 phosphate groups
- [TDP] Thymidine Diphosphate = thymidine + 2 phosphate groups
- [CDP] Cytidine Diphosphate = cytidine + 2 phosphate groups
- [GDP] Guanosine Diphosphate = guanosine + 2 phosphate groups
- Triphosphates —
- [ATP] Adenosine Triphosphate
- [GTP] Guanosine Triphosphate
- [TTP] Thymidine Triphosphate
- [CTP] Cytidine Triphosphate
- [GTP] Guanosine Triphosphate
- [DN] Deoxyribonucleotide
- Derivatives / Varieties of Nucleic Acid:
- [RNA] Ribonucleic Acid — Words go here.
- Ribonucleotide —
- Constituents / Ingredients of Ribonucleotide:
- Ribonucleoside
- Constituents / Ingredients of Ribonucleoside —
- Ribose Sugar —
- Constituents / Ingredients of Ribose Sugar:
- Nitrogenous Bases —
- Purines —
- Guanine —
- Adenine —
- Pyrimidines
- Cytosine —
- Uracil —
- Derivatives / Varieties of Ribonucleoside
- Purine Ribonucleosides
- [A] Adenosine — Adenine+ribose
- [G] Guanosine — Guanine+ribose
- Pyrmidine Ribonucleosides
- [C] Cytidine — Cytosine+ribose
- [U] Uridine — Uracil+ribose
- Phosphate Group —
- Derivatives / Varieties of Ribonucleotide:
- [DNA] Deoxyribonucleic Acid —
- [DN] Deoxyribonucleotide —
- Constituents / Ingreduents of Deoxyribonucleotide
- Deoxyribonucleoside —
- Constituents / Ingredients of Deoxyribonucleoside — A deoxyribonucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base and a deoxyribose sugar.
- Deoxyribose Sugar —
- Nuclobases —
- Purines —
- Guanine —
- Adenine —
- Pyrimidines —
- Cytosine —
- Thymine —
- Nuclobases —
- Derivatives / Varieties of Deoxyribonucleoside —
- [dA] Deoxyadenosine = n (= adenine) + s (= deoxyribose)
- [dC] Deoxycytidine —
- [dG] Deoxyguanosine —
- [T] Thymidine —
- [dC] Deoxycytidine —
- Phosphate Group —
- Derivatives / Varieties of Deoxyribonucleotide —
- [dNMP] Deoxynucleoside Monophosphate
- [dAMP] Deoxyadenosine Monophosphate
- [dGMP] Deoxyguanosine Monophosphate
- [dTMP] Deoxythymidine Monophosphate
- [dCMP] Deoxycytidine Monophosphate
- [dGMP] Deoxyguanosine Monophosphate
- [dNDP] Deoxynucleoside Diphosphate —
- [dADP] Deoxyadenosine Diphosphate = deoxyadenosine + 2 phosphate groups
- [dGDP] Deoxyguanosine Diphosphate = deoxyguanosine + 2 phosphate groups
- [dTDP] Deoxythymidine Diphosphate = deoxythymidine + 2 phosphate groups
- [dCDP] Deoxcytidine Diphosphate = deoxycytidine + 2 phosphate groups
- [dGDP] Deoxyguanosine Diphosphate = deoxyguanosine + 2 phosphate groups
- [dNTP] Deoxynucleoside Triphosphate —
- [dATP] Deoxyadenosine Triphosphate = deoxyadenosine + 3 phosphate groups
- [dGTP] Deoxyguanosine Triphosphate = deoxyguanosine + 3 phosphate groups
- [dTTP] Deoxythymidine Triphosphate = deoxythymidine + 3 phosphate groups
- [dCTP] Deoxycytidine Triphosphate = deoxycytidine + 3 phosphate groups
- [dGTP] Deoxyguanosine Triphosphate = deoxyguanosine + 3 phosphate groups