D. J. Scott
[Last Update: June 28th, 2018]

Other Experiments


Protoplanetary Disk Snowline Sublimation & Recondensation Simulation
An experiment designed to simulate cycles of sublimation and recondensation of H2O ices on spinning grains along the snowline of the protoplanetary disk.
Protoplanetary Disk Snowline Collision Simulation
An experiment inspired by the work of Jennifer Blank, intended to simulate the impact of collisions between grains along the snowline of the protoplanetary disk.


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D. Jon Scott’s WebsiteSciencePhysicsChemistry ► Organic Chemistry ► Prebiotic Synthesis & Abiogenesis

Prebiotic Synthesis Experiment:

Protoplanetary Particle Accretion Simulation
Copyright © 2018 by Dustin Jon Scott
[Last Update: June 6th, 2018]

Abstract

Part I

Background

Part II

Materials

This experiment should employ granular protoplanetary particle analogues (GPPPAs or G3PAs) mimicking the ice-mantled grains that would've existed on the snowline of the protoplanetary Solar disk, with each G3PA consisting of a clayey, silicate-heavy grain core surrounded by an H2O-rich ice mantle.

Part II.a.

Granular Protoplanetary Particle Analogues

Part II.a-1.

Grain Core Composition

Grain composition — clays/silicates, adenine, guanine, pyrimidine, uracil.

Grain Core Composition
Compound ClassSubclassCompoundSource
Amino Acids
17-60 ppm
AlanineMurchison meteorite
Glutamic acidMurchison meteorite
GlycineMurchison meteorite
PseudoleucineMurchison meteorite
IsovalineMurchison meteorite
HydrocarbonsAliphatic
>35 ppm
Murchison meteorite
Aromatic
3319 ppm
Murchison meteorite
Fullerenes
>100 ppm
Murchison meteorite
Carboxylic acids
>300 ppm
Murchison meteorite
Hydrocarboxylic acids
15 ppm
Murchison meteorite
Alcohols
11 ppm
Murchison meteorite
Nucleobases
1.3 ppm
PurinesAdenineMurchison meteorite
GuanineMurchison meteorite
XanthineMurchison meteorite
PyrimidinesUracilMurchison meteorite
Alkyl phosphonic acids
2 ppm
Ethylphosphonic acidsMurchison meteorite (Cooper &al., 1992)
Methylphosphonic acidsMurchison meteorite (Cooper &al., 1992)
Alkyl sulfonic acids
68 ppm
Murchison meteorite (Cooper &al., 1992)
SilicatesCM group & CI group carbonacous chondrites.
OxidesDihydrogen monoxide
3-22%
CM group & CI group carbonacous chondrites.
SulfidesCM group & CI group carbonacous chondrites.
PhosphatesApatite(Schwartz, 2006)
Inorganic phosphateDetected in the Murchison meteorite at about 25 micromoles per gram (Cooper &al., 1992)
Inorganic orthophosphateMurchison meteorite (Cooper &al., 1992)
Schreibersite [(Fe, Ni)3P](Schwartz, 2006)
Whitlockite [Ca9(Mg, Fe)(PO4)6PO3OH](Schwartz, 2006)
Chlorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3Cl](Schwartz, 2006)
Aluminous spinelCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
AluminumCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
AnorthiteCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
Calcic pyroxeneCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
CalciumCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
Fosterite-rich olivineCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
HiboniteCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
MeliliteCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.
PerovskiteCalcium-Aluminum-rich or Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) in carbonaceous chondrites such as the Murchison meteorite.

Part II.a-2.

Ice Mantle Composition
Ice Mantle Composition
CompoundSource
CytosineExperiments with astrophysical ice analogues.
Dihydrogen monoxide
Purine
Pyrimidine
RiboseExperiments with astrophysical ice analogues.
ThymineExperiments with astrophysical ice analogues.

Part II.b.

Atmosphere

Should be a reducing hydrogen-rich atmosphere.

Part III

Methods

The grains should vary considerably in the proportions of their composition. The grains should be placed in some kind of a transparent tray that can be irradiated with UV light from below.

Part IV

Projected Results

Hypothetically, the sublimation of H2O ices within the grain cores of the G3PAs will free other compounds that may react with one another in novel ways and perhaps form interesting bonds as these compounds re-settle during recondensation. Repeating this many times with many different G3PAs, we may be able to emulate the accretion of protoplanetary grains into larger bodies, as the freeing and re-settling of compounds transforms discrete grains into homogeneous strata.

Part V

Future Experiments

References