Proto-Borean Tenses
- III.b-10.) Tense
- III.b-10A.) Tensile Aspect
- III.b-10B.) Modality
- III.b-10Bα.) Narrative Modality
- III.b-10Bβ.) Alethic & Non-Alethic Modality
- III.b-10Bγ.) Speculative Modality
- III.b-10Bδ.) Epistemic Modality
- III.b-10Bδi.) Summative Epistemic Modality
- III.b-10Bδii.) Relative Epistemic Modality
- III.b-10Bε.) Sensory-Evidential Epistemic Modality
- III.b-10Bε.) Deontic Modality
- III.b-10Bεi.) Volitive Deontic Modality
- III.b-10Bεii.) Directive Deontic Modality
- III.b-10Bζ.) Interrogative Modality
- III.b-10Bη.) Attributive Modality
- III.b-10C.) Time
- III.b-10D.) Perfectivity
- III.b-10E.) Telicity
- III.b-10F.) Predicative Aspect
III.b-10.) Tense
Just as the concept of “tenses” the English language conflates time with aspect, tense in the Proto-Borean language represents a complex interaction between tensile aspect, modality, time, BLANK aspect, telicity, and predicative aspect.
III.b-10A.) Tensile Aspect
- Simple — Raderenemille — I learn/evolve
- Emphatic — Reneraderenemille — I do learn/evolve
- Perfect — Reneraderanemille — I have learnt/evolved
III.b-10B.) Modality
Modality in the Proto-Borean language.
III.b-10Bα.) Narrative Modality
- Indicative — Radelenetille — Thou shinest
- Energetic — Radelehetille — Thou dost shine; thou certainly shinest
- Declarative — Radelebhetille — Thou shinest!
- Capacitative — Radelechetille — Thou canst shine
- — Radeledretille — Thou darest shine
- Requisitive — Radeleldetille — Thou needest shine
- Negative — Radelenhetille — Thou shinest not
- Oppositional — Radeledetille — Thou de-shinest; thou darkenest
- Subjunctive Radelmhenetithe That thou [wouldst/shouldst/might] shine
- Remotive Subjunctive — Radelmheunetille[phai] — [If] thou shone
III.b-10Bβ.) Alethic & Non-alethic Modality
- Alethic Narrative — Radelenetille — Thou shinest
- Non-Alethic Narrative — Radelenlhetille — Thou shinest [because I refuse to believe otherwise]
III.b-10Bγ.) Speculative Modality
- Hypothetical — Radelemlhetille — Thou might/may be shining
- Presumptive — Radelemmhetille — Thou might shine
- Tentative — Radelemhetille — Thou wouldst shine
- Tentative Eventive — Lecgheradelemhetille — Thou wouldst likely/probably shine
- Potential — Radelechmhetille — Thou couldst shine
- Potential Eventive — Lecgheradelechmhetille — Thou couldst probably/likely shine
- Conditional — Radeleshmhetille — Thou shouldst [in that case] shine